LEMNISCATA
Matemàtiques, física, química…
a)
$$\bar{A} = \begin{pmatrix}
-1 & \lambda & 2 & |\ \lambda \\
2 & \lambda & -1 & |\ 2 \\
\lambda & -1 & 2 & |\ \lambda
\end{pmatrix},\quad
|A| = -3\lambda^2 – 6\lambda – 3 = 0 \implies \lambda = -1$$
$$\bar{A} = \begin{pmatrix}
-1 & -1 & 2 & |\ -1 \\
2 & -1 & -1 & |\ 2 \\
-1 & -1 & 2 & |\ -1
\end{pmatrix}$$
Com que té dues files iguals i el menor $\begin{vmatrix} -1 & -1 \\ 2 & -1 \end{vmatrix} = 3 \neq 0$ tenim que $\operatorname{Rang}(A) = 2 = \operatorname{Rang}(\bar{A}) <$ nombre d’incògnites $\implies$ Sistema Compatible Indeterminat. (Infinitat de solucions)
b) Si $\lambda = -1$:
$$\left\{
\begin{array}{rcr}
-x – y + 2z & = & -1 \\
2x – y – z & = & 2
\end{array}
\right.
\implies
\left\{
\begin{array}{l}
x = 1 + t \\
y = t \\
z = t
\end{array}
\right.$$
c) Si $\lambda = 2$:
$$\left\{
\begin{array}{rcr}
-x + 2y + 2z & = & 2 \\
2x + 2y – z & = & 2 \\
2x – y + 2z & = & 2
\end{array}
\right.
\implies
\left\{
\begin{array}{l}
x = \dfrac{2}{3} \\
y = \dfrac{2}{3} \\
z = \dfrac{2}{3}
\end{array}
\right.$$